PRENATAL DRUG EXPOSURE LINKED TO SLEEP PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN

In the first study across time into late childhood of the effects of prenatal drug exposure on sleep, prenatal drug exposure is associated with greater sleep problems in children. In addition, nicotine has a unique effect, and early sleep problems predict later sleep problems.

The study investigated reports across time of 139 mothers regarding the sleep of their children – from 18 months to nine years of age. Of these children, 23 had no prenatal drug exposure, 55 were exposed to cocaine alone or in combination with other drugs, and 61 were exposed to drugs other than cocaine.

According to the results, children with prenatal drug exposure – nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, opiates, or some combination of these – experienced greater difficulty sleeping than unexposed children. Analyses revealed that prenatal nicotine exposure predicted difficulty sleeping above and beyond the other substances. Early sleep problems also predicted later sleep problems.

"Studying the effects of prenatal drug exposure on sleep may provide clues regarding how drugs affect the developing brain and may explain some of the effects of prenatal drug exposure on other outcomes, such as behavior and attention," said researcher Dr Stone. "For example, studies show that adolescents with prenatal nicotine exposure are more likely to start smoking earlier than their peers, but we don't know what other factors, such as sleep, might be involved in that relationship."

It is recommended that infants (three to 11 months) get 14 to 15 hours of nightly sleep, while toddlers get 12 to 14 hours, children in pre-school 11-13 hours and school-aged children between 10-11 hours.

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Super Healthy Tip…

Drug use is fundamentally a very selfish behaviour – and it often takes a very big wake-up-call for abusers to recognise the negative consequences attached to their habit. An addict or addict-to-be can make some very impressive excuses for their need to continue their relationship with their substance of choice. Here is some evidence to hopefully convince mothers-to-be that they need to be clean while carrying a new life: And we’re not just talking about heavy social drugs – note that cigarettes were the most damaging!